Print Media Journalism - Question Bank/ Sample Question Paper (Objective)
Saturday, 21 July 2018
Mass Communication and Broadcast Media - Question Bank/ Sample Question Paper (Objective)
Mass Communication and Broadcast Media
QUESTION BANK
Mass Communication and Print Journalism Sample Question paper/ Question bank (Descriptive)
Mass Communication and Print Journalism Sample Question paper/ Question bank (Descriptive)
Part I
Answer in one word/sentence
Mass Media and Broadcast Journalism Sample Question paper/ Question bank (Descriptive)
Mass Media and Broadcast Journalism Sample Question paper/ Question bank (Descriptive)
Part I
Answer in one word/sentence
Mass Communication and Journalism - Question Bank/ Sample Question Paper (Objective)
Mass Communication and Journalism - Question Bank/ Sample Question Paper (Objective)
Friday, 20 July 2018
Photo Editing techniques
Photo editing is the changing of images. Some types of editing, such as airbrushing, are done by hand and others are done using photo editing programmes like Adobe Photoshop. Photo editing is done for many reasons. Photo editing is sometimes called photo manipulation, usually when it is used to trick people.
Reasons to edit a photo include:
• Fixing errors (red-eye, contrast, brightness, etc.), practical jokes, and tricking people.
• To remove unwanted elements from a photo we may crop it.
• Photo editing is also used to make completely new images.
Here are few of the best photo-editing software available today. Among this Adobe Photoshop is the best. Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Lightroom, Corel Paint Shop Pro, Serif Photo Plus, Apple Aperture, GIMP, Paint.net, Phase One Capture, and One Pro Pixelmator.
Photo Editing Basics : Adobe Photoshop
Common Image Formats in Digital Cameras
One of the most direct ways to capture an image is a digital camera which uses a special semiconductor chip called a CCD (charge coupled device) to convert light to electrical signals right at the image plane. The quality of the images created in this manner is closely related to the number of pixels the CCD can capture.
The most common image file formats, the most important for cameras, printing, scanning, and internet use, are JPG, TIF, PNG, GIF, and BMP.
Digital cameras and web pages normally use JPG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)files - because JPG heroically compresses the data to be very much smaller in the file. However, JPG uses lossy compression to accomplish this feat, which is a strong downside. A smaller file, yes, there is nothing like JPG for small, but this is at the cost of image quality.
TIF (Tagged Image File Format) is lossless, which is considered the highest quality format for commercial work.
GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) was designed by CompuServe in the early days of computer 8-bit video, before JPG, for video display at dial-up modem speeds.
PNG (Portable Network Graphics) can replace GIF today (web browsers show both), and PNG also offers many options of TIF too.
Camera RAW files are very important of course, but RAW files must be processed into regular formats (JPG, TIF, etc) to be viewable and usable in any way.
BMP file format (Windows bitmap) handles graphics files within the Microsoft Windows OS. Typically, BMP files are uncompressed, and therefore large and lossless; their advantage is their simple structure and wide acceptance in Windows programmes.
What is a Digital Image?
A digital photo is made up of a series of pixels (picture elements). Most of today’s digital photos use a “24-bit RGB” system to color each pixel.
When using digital equipment to capture, store, modify and view photographic images, they must first be converted to a set of numbers in a process called digitization or scanning. Computers are very good at storing and manipulating numbers, so once your image has been digitized you can use your computer to archive, examine, alter, display, transmit, or print your photographs in an incredible variety of ways.
Pixels
Digital images are composed of pixels (short for picture elements). Each pixel represents the color (or grey level for black and white photos) at a single point in the image, so a pixel is like a tiny dot of a particular color. By measuring the color of an image at a large number of points, we can create a digital approximation of the image from which a copy of the original can be reconstructed. Pixels are a little like grain particles in a conventional photographic image, but arranged in a regular pattern of rows and columns and store information somewhat differently.
Types of Digital Images
For photographic purposes, there are two important types of digital images— color and black and white. Colour images are made up of colored pixels while black and white images are made of pixels in different shades of grey.
Resolution
The density of pixels in an image is referred to as its resolution. The higher the resolution, the more information the image contains. If we keep the image size the same and increase the resolution, the image gets sharper and more detailed. Alternatively, with a higher resolution image, we can produce a larger image with the same amount of detail.
Types of Photography
There are many types of photography. The various types of
photography make use of various techniques and the different types of
photographer use their skill in their particular filed of expertise.
Photographic work can be divided into dozens of categories,
many with lots of sub-categories. The following list describes some common
types of photography.
1.Landscape Photography
Landscape photography shows spaces within the world. It
typically captures the nature but can also focus on man-made features.
2.Wildlife Photography
Wildlife photography deals with documenting wildlife in
their natural habitat. It is one of the more challenging forms of photography.
3 . Aerial photography
An aerial photograph is any photograph taken from the air.
Usually the camera will be supported by platforms like fixed-wing aircraft,
helicopters, multirotor Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS), balloons, blimps and
dirigibles, rockets, pigeons, kites, parachutes, stand-alone telescoping and
vehicle-mounted poles.
4.Sports / Action Photography
Sports photography is a branch of photojournalism. It refers
to the genre of photography that covers all types of sports.
5.Portrait Photography
Portrait photography or portraiture captures images of a
person or group of people that displays the expression, personality, and mood
of the subject. The focus of the photograph is usually the person’s face,
although the entire body and the background or context may be included.
6.Architectural Photography
Architectural photography is the photographing of buildings
and similar structures.
7 . Fashion Photography
Fashion photography is a genre of photography devoted to
displaying clothing and other fashion items. Fashion photography is most often
conducted for advertisements or fashion magazines.
8.Macro Photography
Macro photography is extreme close-up photography, usually
of very small subjects, in which the size of the subject in the photograph is
greater than its original size.
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